Active voice and passive voice
Active voice (kalimat aktif) adalah kalimat yang di sertai kata kerja transitif dengan subjek di depan kata kerja terja tersebut sebagai pelaku yang melakukan suatu perbuatan.
Contoh:
Kami makan nasi setiap hari
Kamu minum susu setiap hari
- The teacher is explaining the lesson
Pak guru sedang menerangkan pelajaran itu
- I took the hammer yesterday
Saya mengambil martil kemarin
John telah mengirim surat itu
Kami akan mengundang simon
- Albert will arrange the books
Albert akan menyusun buku-buku itu
- Liza is going to contact mr.hudson
Lisa akan menghubungi mr.hudson
Passive voice atau kalimat negative adalah bentuk kalimat yang di sertai kata kerja III (PAST PARTICIPLE) yang menggambarkan hal yang dilakukan (oleh si pelaku)
Contoh :
Nasi dimakan setiap hari
Susu diminum setiap hari
- The gate is locked every night by them
Pntu gerbang itu di kunci setiap malam oleh mereka
- The lesson is being explained by the student
Sebuah cerita tentang di tulis oleh murid-murid itu
- The house was bought last years
rumah itu di beli tahun lalu
- The hammer was taken by my yesterday
Martil itu diambil saya kemarin
- The work has been finished by us
Pekerjan itu di selesaikan oleh kami
Simon akan di undang
- The books will be arranged by albert
Buku-buku itu akan disusun oleh albert
- Mr.hudson is going to be contacted by liza
Tuan Hudson akan di hubungioleh liza
Kalimat aktif menjdi kalimat pasif
Subjek dalam kalimat aktif senantiasa berada di depan kata kerja, dan objek terdapat di belakang kata kerja. Perhatikan perhubungan dalam kalimat pasif di bawah ini. Objek bisa terletak di depan kata kerja.past participle (kata kerja III) selalu di gunakan dalam kalimat pasif.
Contoh :
(active) we need water
Kita membutuhkan minum
(passive) water is needed
Air di butuhkan
(active) they admire Madonna
Mereka mengagumi Madonna
(passive) Madonna is amired
Madonna di kagumi
(active) we educate our children
Kita mendidik anak-anak kita
(passive ) our children are educated
Anak-anak kita di didik
(active) they built this house last years
Mereka membangun rumah ini tahun lalu
(passive) the house was built last years
Rumah ini di bangun tahun lalu
(active) they will forget this case
Mereka akan lupa kasus ini
(passive) this case will be forgotten
Kasusu ini akan terlupakan
(active) he wants you to give up
Dia ingin kamu menyerah
(pssive) you are wanted to give up
Kamu di inginkan untuk menyerah
(active) she broke the plate
Dia emecahkan piring itu
(passive) the plate was broken
Piring itu pecah
Kalimat aktif dan pasif dalam bentuk past tense
- Kalimat aktif dalam past tanse menggunakan kata kerja II
- Kalimat pasif menggunakan was/were + kata kerja III (past participle)
Contoh:
(active) they signed the agreement
Mereka menandatangani surat perjanjian itu
(passive) the agrement was signed by them
Surat perjanjian itu ditandatamgani oleh mereka
(active) everyone enjoyed the party last night
Setiap orang menikmati pesta tadi malam
(passive) the party was enjoyed by everyone last night
Pesta itu di nikmati oleh setiap orang tadi malam
(active) we renovated this house in 2005
Kami memugar rumah ini pada tahun 2005
(passive) this house was renovated in 2005
Rumah ini di pugar pada tahun 2005
Kalimat aktif dan pasif dalam present continuous
- Kalimat aktif dalam present continuous menggunakan kata kerja dengan akhiran ing
- Kalimat pasif dalam present continuous menggunakan am/is/are+being+kata kerja III (past participle)
Contoh
(active) they are looking at you
Mereka sedang melihat kamu
(passive) you ara being looked at by them
Kamu sedang dilihat oleh mereka
(active) susan is playing the guitar
Susan sedang berain gitar
(passive) the guitar is being played by susan
Gitar itu sedang dimainkan oleh susan
Kalimat active dan pasif dalam past continuous
Kalimat aktif dan past continuous menggunakan was/were + being +kata kerja berakhiran ing
Kalimat pasif dalam past continous mengguanakan was/were+being+kata kerja III
Contoh:
(active) he was teaching me at ten oclock yesterday
Dia sedang mengajar saya pada jam sepuluh kemrin
(passive) I was being taught at ten oclock yesterday
Saya sedang diajar pada jam sepuluh kmarin
(active) jane was preparing dinner when I arrived home.
Jane sedang mempersiapkan makan malam ketika saya tiba
(passive) dinner was being prepared I arrived home
Makan malam sedang di [ersiapkan ketika saya tiba di rumah
Passive verb forms
- A passive verb has a form of be and a passive participle.
Active passive
Present simple they play the game the game is played
Present continuous they are playing the game the game is being played
Present perfect they have played the game the game has been played
Past simple the played the game the game was played
Past continuous they were playing the game the game was being played
Past perfect they had played the game the had been played
future they will play the game the game will be played
they are going to play the gamethe game is going to be played